论文部分内容阅读
作为战略性新兴产业的一个重要子行业,中国光伏企业由于行业成本高、需求侧狭窄等属性,历来受到政府的补贴扶持。在当前欧美“双反”夹击下,光伏产业如何突出重围,迫切需要审视政府补贴效果和优化补贴政策。基于此,本文首先利用三阶段DEA方法测算了2001—2011年我国44家光伏上市公司效率,研究了政府补贴、公司属性和规模对光伏上市公司效率的影响,并探讨了光伏产业链中补贴投向的优化问题。结论表明,现有政府补贴很大程度上未能有效提高光伏企业效率,公司属性对效率无明显影响,规模大的光伏企业效率较高;上游企业的研发补贴促进了产量和福利的增加,中游企业需求侧的价格补贴提高了消费者效用和产品需求量。我国政府补贴应向具有高技术特征的上游原材料提纯阶段倾斜,减小对光伏电站系统等应用阶段的补贴率,并通过价格补贴等措施刺激国内需求侧。
As an important sub-sector of strategic emerging industries, China’s PV enterprises have always been subsidized by the government because of the high cost of the industry and the narrow demand side. In the current Europe and the United States “double-reverse ” attack, how to highlight the photovoltaic industry, there is an urgent need to examine the effect of government subsidies and optimize the subsidy policy. Based on this, this paper first uses the three-stage DEA method to calculate the efficiency of 44 listed PV companies in China from 2001 to 2011, and studies the influence of government subsidies, company attributes and scale on the efficiency of PV listed companies, and discusses the subsidies in PV industry chain Optimization problem The conclusion shows that the existing government subsidies have largely failed to effectively improve the efficiency of PV enterprises, the company attributes have no obvious effect on the efficiency, and the large-scale PV enterprises are more efficient. The R & D subsidies of upstream enterprises have promoted the increase of output and benefits. The price subsidies on the firm’s demand side increase consumer utility and product demand. China’s government subsidies should be tilted toward the purification phase of upstream raw materials with high-tech characteristics, and the subsidy rate for photovoltaic power station systems and other application phases should be reduced. The domestic demand side should be stimulated through such measures as price subsidies.