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为揭示长期淹水环境下基于形态、生物量和养分的河竹鞭根系统的生长策略,为河竹在水湿地和江河湖库消落带植被恢复中的应用提供参考,调查测定了人工喷灌供水和淹水处理3、6、12个月的河竹一年生竹鞭及其根系的形态和生理生化指标,分析了河竹鞭和鞭根形态特征和生物量分配及鞭根系统的养分吸收与平衡.结果表明:长期淹水对河竹鞭节长、鞭径和土中根根径并无明显影响.淹水3个月整体上对鞭的形态特征影响小,水中翘鞭较少,但一定程度上抑制了根的生长.随着淹水时间的延长水中鞭、根大量生长,同时促进了土中鞭、根的生长但土中、水中鞭生物量和土中根生物量占总生物量的比例变化并不明显,而水中根生物量/总生物量和水中根生物量/土中根生物量显著升高,体现出河竹可以通过鞭根系统的生长调节和生物量合理分配来逐步适应淹水环境.长期淹水整体上降低了河竹土中根的根系活力抑制了土中根对养分的吸收但对土中根养分化学计量比的影响较小,而使水中根的根系活力显著增强养分化学计量比产生明显的适应性调节,N/P升高,N/K和P/K降低.水中根不仅起到氧气吸收功能,还具有较强的养分吸收功能.这是河竹有效适应淹水环境的生长策略之一.
In order to reveal the growth strategy of Phyllostachys pubescens root system based on morphology, biomass and nutrients under long-term flooding environment, this paper provides a reference for the application of Phyllanthus niruri in water wetland restoration and vegetation recovery in rivers and lakes and reservoirs. The effects of artificial irrigation and water supply The morphological and physiological characteristics of Rhizoma et Radix Pholii and its root system at 3, 6 and 12 months after flooding were studied. The morphological characteristics, biomass allocation and nutrient absorption and balance of rhizome and whip root system were analyzed. Long-term flooding had no significant effect on the length of whip whip, whip diameter and root-mean-square root diameter of soil. The waterlogging had little effect on the morphological characteristics of whip at three months of flooding, but less in the water, but restrained the root to a certain extent .With the prolongation of flooding time, the whip and root of the water grew in a large amount, and the growth of the whip and root in the soil was promoted at the same time. However, the change of whorl biomass in the soil, water and root biomass in the soil did not change obviously , While the root biomass / total biomass and root biomass in water / root biomass in soil increased significantly, which indicated that Rhizoma Phyllostachys could gradually adapt to the flooding environment through the growth regulation and biomass rational allocation of whip system. Water as a whole reduced the root activity of Rhizoma et Radix et Rhizoma et Radix et Rhizoma et Radix et Rhizoma and inhibited root absorption of nutrients in soil but had less effect on stoichiometric ratio of root nutrients in soil. However, root activity in water significantly increased, Regulation, N / P increase, N / K and P / K reduction.Water roots not only play the role of oxygen absorption, but also has a strong nutrient absorption.This is one of the growth strategies Phragmites australis effectively adapt to the flooding environment.