目的:探讨不同期别矽肺患者肺泡巨噬细胞（alveolar macrophages，AMs）过氧化物还原酶4（PRDX4）表达的差异。方法:于2017年6月至2018年6月，采用随机抽样方法选取中国煤矿工人北戴河疗养院尘肺科就诊的12名矽肺患者作为研究对象，分为肺内粉尘沉着症组、矽肺壹期组、矽肺贰期组、矽肺叁期组共4组，每组3人。取其肺灌洗液经过滤、离心得到AMs，提取胞内蛋白，以蛋白免疫印迹（Western blotting）方法对PRDX4进行检测，结果进行统计学分析。结果:肺内粉尘沉着症组、矽肺壹期组、矽肺贰期组、矽肺叁期组患者的AMs中PRDX4均有表达；4组患者AMs中PRDX4蛋白平均相对表达量分别为0.258±0.026、0.214±0.012、0.180±0.004、0.165±0.008，差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）；肺内粉尘沉着症组表达水平最高，矽肺叁期组最低。n 结论:氧化应激损伤与矽肺的发生发展关系密切，PRDX4在不同期别矽肺患者AMs中存在差异表达，应对氧化应激指标监测，以便预测矽肺发病和评估预后。“,”Objective:To identify the differential expression of Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) in alveolar macrophages (AMs) from patients with silicosis in different phases using Western blot.Methods:From June 2017 to June 2018, Twelve pneumoconiosis patients in the pneumoconiosis Department of Beidaihe Sanitarium were selected by random sampling. A msong them, there were 4 groups, that was lung with dust, silicosis with grade one, silicosis with grade two, silicosis with grade three. There were 3 persons in each group, a total of 12. AMs was obtained by filtration and centrifugation. The intracellular protein was extracted and PRDX4 was detected by using Western blot method.Results:It results showed that PRDX4 was expressed in AMs in 4 groups; with the increase of fibrosis, the average relative expression of PRDX4 in AMs was 0.258±0.026, 0.214±0.012, 0.180±0.004, 0.165±0.008. The highest expression level was in the lung with dust group, and the lowest was in the silicosis with grade three group. The difference of the expression level of PRDX4 protein in AMs between groups was statistically significant (n P<0.05) .n Conclusion:This experiment verified that PRDX4 expressed differentially in AMs in patients with silicosis. With the development of silicosis, PRDX4 expression in AMs reduced significantly.