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目的 :观察N 甲基 D 天冬氨酸 (N methyl D aspartate ,NMDA)受体拮抗剂氯胺酮 (ketamine)在不影响运动功能的条件下 ,是否能抑制吗啡依赖大鼠的戒断症状。方法 :给大鼠连续注射递增剂量吗啡 5d ,造成其对吗啡的依赖 ,用纳洛酮催促戒断症状的出现。应用行为药理学的研究方法 ,经腹腔 (2～ 16mg·kg-1)、侧脑室 (4～ 10 0μg)及相关核团 (0 .4～ 10 μg)给予不同剂量的氯胺酮。结果 :反复 4次 (1)腹腔注射 8mg·kg-1,最后一次注射 3h后 ,能显著抑制 2种戒断症状 ;16mg·kg-1能显著抑制 3种戒断症状。 (2 )反复 4次脑室注射 10 0 μg氯胺酮 ,能显著抑制 2种戒断症状。 (3)伏核内注入 0 .4～ 10 μg的氯胺酮可显著抑制 4种戒断症状 ,但注入杏仁核则无效。 结论 :在不影响大鼠运动功能的条件下 ,氯胺酮对吗啡戒断症状有明显抑制作用 ,伏核可能是其中枢作用部位
AIM: To observe whether ketamine, an N-methyl D aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, can inhibit withdrawal symptoms in morphine-dependent rats without affecting motor function. Methods: Rats were injected with increasing dose of morphine for 5 days, resulting in their dependence on morphine. Naloxone was used to induce withdrawal symptoms. Applied behavioral pharmacology research methods, intraperitoneal (2 ~ 16mg · kg-1), lateral ventricle (4 ~ 100μg) and related nuclei (0.4 ~ 10μg) given different doses of ketamine. Results: Repeatedly four times (1) intraperitoneal injection of 8mg · kg-1, the last injection of 3h, can significantly inhibit two kinds of withdrawal symptoms; 16mg · kg-1 can significantly inhibit the three kinds of withdrawal symptoms. (2) Repeated 4 intraventricular injection of 100 μg ketamine can significantly inhibit two kinds of withdrawal symptoms. (3) Injection of 0.4 ~ 10 μg of ketamine in the nucleus accumbens can significantly inhibit four kinds of withdrawal symptoms, but the injection of amygdala is ineffective. CONCLUSION: Ketamine significantly inhibits morphine withdrawal symptoms without affecting motor function in rats. V-nucleus may be the central site of action