目的 :了解复方红芪提取液对大鼠周围神经损伤后神经元的保护作用。方法 :实验选用雄性 SD大鼠75只 ,随机分成 5组 :空白对照组、神经生长因子 (NGF)对照组 ,中药 0 .5、1.0和 1.5 ml组。以钳夹方式造成大鼠坐骨神经损伤 ,每日 1次按组别注射相应药物。于术后 3日和 1、2、4周取 L46 脊髓固定 ,切片作 HE染色 ,光镜下观察脊髓前角多突起运动神经元的变化。 2周、4周取标本前行损伤远近段神经传导速度测定。结果 :中药各组及 NGF组在 2周后其脊髓前角运动神经元数目即明显多于对照组 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。 2周时 ,中药 1.5 m l组对脊髓前角运动细胞数量以及对神经纤维传导速度都有明显的促进作用 ,而在 4周时中药 1.5 m l组和 NGF组在两项指标实验中都显示出明显的促进作用 ,呈正相关关系。结论 :复方红芪提取液对于周围神经损伤后的再生以及防止神经元坏死与 NGF具有同等的作用 ,并能更早期地发挥作用 ,其效果优于 NGF。其原因可能是复方红芪制剂为多因素、多因子共同作用的结果 OBJECTIVE : To investigate the protective effect of Compound Radix Astragali Extract on neurons after peripheral nerve injury in rats. Methods: Seventy-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group, nerve growth factor (NGF) control group, Chinese herbal medicine 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ml groups. Rat sciatic nerve injury was induced by clamping and the corresponding drugs were injected in groups once a day. At the 3rd and 1st, 2nd and 4th weeks after operation, the L46 spinal cord was fixed and HE sections were stained. The changes of motoneurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord were observed under light microscope. The nerve conduction velocity in the far and near segments of the injury was measured before and after 2 weeks and 4 weeks. RESULTS: The number of motoneurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord was significantly higher in the Chinese medicine group and NGF group than in the control group after 2 weeks (P<0.05). At 2 weeks, the Chinese medicine 1.5 ml group had a significant effect on the number of motor cells in the anterior horn of the spinal cord and on the nerve fiber conduction velocity. At the 4th week, the Chinese medicine 1.5 ml group and the NGF group showed significant changes in both index experiments. The positive effect of the promotion was positive. Conclusion : Compound Radix Hedysari has the same effect on NGF regeneration and neuronal necrosis after peripheral nerve injury, and it can play an earlier role. Its effect is better than that of NGF. The reason may be that the compound red peony is a result of multiple factors and multiple factors.