提出氯化铵焙烧法提取氟碳铈矿中稀土新的工艺路线，考察反应温度、时间、氯化铵用量及固氟添加剂对稀土回收的影响。在焙烧温度５００℃，焙烧时间１ｈ，氯化铵／矿重＝０．５及固氟添加剂存在的条件下，稀土回收率达到８４％。同时氯化铵焙烧法对铁的氯化具有选择性，焙砂热水浸出得到的浸取液，铁的含量很低，因此采用该法分解氟碳铈矿更有利于后续过程的稀土净化。 Proposed ammonium chloride roasting extraction rare earth bastnaesite new process route, investigated the reaction temperature, time, the amount of ammonium chloride and fluoride additives on the recovery of rare earth. Under the conditions of calcination temperature of 500 ℃, calcination time of 1h, ammonium chloride / ore weight = 0.5 and solid fluoride additive, the recovery rate of rare earth reached 84%. At the same time, the ammonium chloride roasting method is selective for the chlorination of iron, and the leaching solution obtained by roasting hot water has a very low content of iron. Therefore, the decomposition of bastnaesite by this method is more conducive to the purification of rare earths in subsequent processes.