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本文从声波对球体的散射理论出发,通过引入“等效反射系数”的概念,推导出洋底存在锰结核时的回波声强的近似计算公式。继而根据四个频率探测所得到的回波声强值来计算锰结核不同粒径段的覆盖率和丰度。同时又用锰结核平均半径的平方为随机变量服从瑞利分布的假定来计算结核覆盖率和丰度。两种计算方法所得结果与取样或海底照相的结果相对照,都比较符合。实际探测结果表明,这种快速、经济的探测锰结核的多频声学方法对于较平坦的洋底是比较适用的,具有广阔前途。
In this paper, based on the scattering theory of sonic wave to the sphere, by introducing the concept of “equivalent reflection coefficient”, the approximate formula of the echo sound intensity at the ocean floor with manganese nodules is deduced. Then the coverage and abundance of different grain size sections of manganese nodules are calculated according to the echo intensity values obtained from the four frequency probes. At the same time, we calculated the coverage and abundance of tuberculosis using the assumption that the square of the average radius of manganese nodules is the Rayleigh distribution of random variables. The results obtained by the two methods are in accordance with the results of sampling or submarine photography. The actual detection results show that this fast and economical multi-frequency acoustic method of detecting manganese nodules is more suitable for a more flat ocean floor and has a bright future.