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儿童使用否定语句的情况可用于衡量儿童的语言和社会性发展水平。本研究基于CHILDES语料库的语料,从年龄、性别差异和总体情况三方面,对3~6岁儿童在母子互动情境中使用否定语句的情况进行分析。结果发现:(1)相对于3岁儿童,6岁儿童更倾向于指出对方的行为错误或否定对方的行为。(2)女孩在“反对并阻止对方行为”方面的能力显著高于男孩。(3)3~6岁儿童在母子互动情境中使用否定语句的情况与其年龄和性别相关性不高。据此,研究者建议,教育者宜多关注儿童使用否定语句的情况,帮助儿童优化否定语句的表达策略,为儿童创造使用否定语句的机会。
Children’s use of negative sentences can be used to measure children’s language and social development. Based on the corpus of CHILDES corpus, this study analyzed the use of negative sentences in the context of mother-to-child interaction in children aged 3-6 from three aspects: age, gender differences and overall situation. The results showed that: (1) Compared with 3-year-old children, 6-year-old children tended to point out the wrong behavior or negate the other’s behavior. (2) Girls have significantly higher abilities than boys in “opposing and deterring each other’s behavior”. (3) The use of negative sentences by children aged 3 ~ 6 in the context of mother-child interaction is not related to their age and gender. Accordingly, the researchers suggest that educators should pay more attention to children’s use of negative sentences, help children to optimize the expression of negative sentences and create opportunities for children to use negative sentences.