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在黄土场地与地铁地下结构动力相互作用的振动台试验中,测得地铁车站结构的应变反应。基于实测数据分析地铁车站的应变反应特征,对比不同观测面内应变反应,分析地铁车站应变反应的空间效应,对地铁车站地震破坏特点进行描述。结果表明:随输入峰值加速度增加结构应变增大;西安人工波作用下结构应变大于松潘波和Taft波作用下的应变。结构内应变表现为中柱较大,侧墙居中,顶、底板较小。地震动较小时,中柱应变表现为上层柱顶大于柱底,下层柱底大于柱顶,且上层柱顶大于下层柱底;侧墙顶、底部应变较大,中部较小;板构件两端应变较大,中部较小。受结构端部效应及土结相互作用中倾斜与扭转的影响,地铁车站应变反应具有显著的空间效应,在低频成分较发育的西安人工波作用下应变反应的空间效应更显著。研究结论可为黄土地区地铁地下结构的抗震设计及相关理论研究提供重要参考。
In the shaking table test on the dynamic interaction between the loess ground and the underground structure of the subway, the strain response of the metro station structure is measured. Based on the measured data, the strain response characteristics of metro stations are analyzed. The response of different observation plane is compared. The spatial effect of strain response of metro station is analyzed. The characteristics of earthquake damage of metro stations are described. The results show that the structural strain increases with the acceleration of input peak, and the strain of structure under Xi’an artificial wave is larger than that of Songpan wave and Taft wave. Strain within the structure showed a larger column, the center wall, the top, the floor is smaller. When the ground motion is small, the strain of the center column is higher than that of the bottom of the column, the bottom of the lower column is larger than the top of the column, and the top of the upper column is larger than the bottom column of the lower column. The strain of the top and bottom of the side wall is larger and the middle section is smaller. Strain larger central smaller. Due to the influence of the structural end effect and the inclination and torsion in the soil-soil interaction, the strain response of the metro station has significant spatial effect, and the spatial effect of strain response is more significant under the artificial wave with relatively low frequency component. The conclusions can provide important references for the seismic design of underground structures in the loess area and related theories.