论文部分内容阅读
森林凋落物生产及其组分动态是生态系统物质循环的关键基础过程.以海拔3 589 m高山峡谷区典型的四川红杉(Larix mastersiana)-岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)原始暗针叶林为研究对象,在2015年8月-2016年8月期间调查了凋落物产量及其组分动态特征.结果显示:1)暗针叶林凋落物年产量为3 839.68 kg/hm2,其中叶凋落量占年总凋落量的44.61%(常绿树种叶凋落量占叶凋落总量的55.32%,落叶树种占44.68%;乔木树种叶凋落量占叶凋落总量的95.88%,灌木树种占4.12%),落枝占43.29%,附生苔藓地衣占2.07%,树皮占3.34%,花果种子等繁殖器官占0.93%,其他杂物占5.75%.2)相对于其他树种,作为建群种的四川红杉和岷江冷杉的凋落叶是总凋落叶的主要来源,两者叶凋落量占总叶凋落量的76.64%.3)凋落总量、叶凋落量、落枝量和树皮凋落量动态均呈明显双峰型,凋落高峰分别出现在9-10月和5月;附生苔藓地衣和花果种子等繁殖器官凋落量动态呈单峰型,凋落高峰出现在5月.乔木树种的凋落节律与常绿树种的凋落节律相同,为双峰型,而灌木树种与落叶树种的凋落节律相同,为单峰型.本研究结果说明优势种的凋落叶特征影响着总凋落物特征并表现出显著的季节性凋落节律,这为进一步认识高山峡谷区暗针叶林物质循环及其相关的生态学过程提供了基础数据.
The production of forest litter and its component dynamics are the key basic processes of ecosystem material recycling.Using typical Larix mastersiana - Abies faxoniana native dark coniferous forest at 3 589 m above sea level, And the dynamic characteristics of litterfall and its components were investigated from August 2015 to August 2016. The results showed that: 1) The annual litterfall litter production in the coniferous forest was 3 839.68 kg / hm2, of which litter accounted for The total annual litterfall was 44.61% (leaf litter of evergreen species accounted for 55.32% of total leaf litter, deciduous tree species accounted for 44.68%; arbor species leaf litter accounted for 95.88% of total leaf litter, shrub species accounted for 4.12%), 43.29% of allied branches, 2.07% of epiphytic moss lichen, 3.34% of bark, 0.93% of reproductive organs including flower seeds and seeds, and 5.75% of other debris.2) Compared with other species, The litter of fir and Minjiang fir was the main source of total litter, and the leaf litter amount of both leaves accounted for 76.64% of the total litterfall.3) The total amount of litterfall, leaf litterfall, Bimodal, litter peak appeared in September-October and May; epiphytic lichen lichen and flower seeds, etc. The litterfall of reproductive organs showed a unimodal pattern and the peak of litterfall appeared in May.The arborous rhythm of arbor species was the same as that of evergreen species and bimodal type, while the shrub rhythm of shrub species and deciduous tree was the same as single peak The results showed that litter characteristics of the dominant species affected the characteristics of total litter and showed a significant seasonal rhythm of rhythm, which provided a further understanding of the material circulation and related ecological processes of dark coniferous forest in alpine gorge area Basic data.