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本文依据公开档案,分析了1956年大理地区的一次协商白族族称的“民族座谈会”。作者提出,“白族”族称是一个“名称标准化”过程,它的确定既不是国家权力的决策,也不是学者意见的主导,而是一个由地方精英主动靠拢国家计划的过程。族称的确定可以称之为各种原则共同作用下的一个“制造共同命运”的过程。这些原则包括“解放”和“落后”的话语、历史根据、避免歧视、易为民族成员接受、符合共产主义价值等。通过确定族称,民族成员的日常知识被陌生化,融入家的共同命运之中,形成了一个短暂的“阈限”阶段。本文无意解构“民族”身份,旨在理解“民族”知识在具体社会场景中的使用及其意涵,进行知识社会学性质的经验研究。
Based on the open archives, this article analyzes the “Ethnic Symposium” of a consultation held by Bai nationality in Dali in 1956. The author argues that the “Bai” clan name is a “name standardization” process and that its determination is neither the decision of the state power nor the dominance of the scholar opinion, but a process of bringing the national plan closer to the local elites. The assertion of ethnicity can be called a “common destiny” under the joint action of various principles. These principles include the words “liberation” and “backwardness”, historical reasons, avoidance of discrimination, easy acceptance by ethnic members, conformity with communist values and so on. By defining the clan name, the daily knowledge of the members of the nation is defamiliarized and integrated into the common destiny of the family, forming a transient “threshold” stage. This article does not intend to deconstruct the “nationality” identity. The purpose of this article is to understand the use and meaning of “national ” knowledge in specific social scenes and carry out the empirical research on the nature of knowledge sociology.