论文部分内容阅读
目的了解广东省德庆县2012—2014年手足口病的流行病学特征,为制定手足口病防控策略提供科学依据。方法对2012—2014年德庆县手足口病疫情数据进行统计处理,应用描述流行病学方法分析流行特征。结果 2012—2014年共报告手足口病3 219例,年均发病率为278.32/10万,重症6例,无死亡病例。发病高峰为5—7月;男性发病率为326.09/10万,高于女性的226.08/10万,男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=104.04,P<0.01)。以0~5岁散居儿童发病为主,占总数的93.23%;各年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=104.04,P<0.01)。13个乡镇均有发病,发病率最高的是武垄镇(549.12/10万),不同乡镇发病差异有统计学意义(χ~2=406.16,P<0.01)。结论德庆县手足口病发病呈逐年上升趋势,有明显的季节、地区、性别、年龄差异。建议应强化疫情监测、针对托幼机构和流动人口等加大防控力度,普及健康教育以减少手足口病的流行。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Deqing County, Guangdong Province from 2012 to 2014 and to provide a scientific basis for the development of hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control strategies. Methods The epidemic data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Deqing county from 2012 to 2014 were statistically analyzed, and epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 3 219 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in 2012-2014, with an average annual incidence of 278.32 / 100 000, severe cases of 6 and no deaths. The peak incidence was from May to July. The incidence of males was 326.09 per 100,000, which was higher than that of females (226.08 per 100,000). The incidence of males and females was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 104.04, P <0.01). The incidence of scattered children aged 0-5 years was the most, accounting for 93.23% of the total. The incidence of each age group was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 104.04, P <0.01). All 13 towns and townships had morbidity. The highest incidence rate was Wu’er Town (549.12 / 100,000). The incidence of different townships was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 406.16, P <0.01). Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Deqing County is increasing year by year with obvious seasonal, regional, gender and age differences. It is suggested that we should intensify the surveillance of epidemic situation, increase prevention and control efforts for nurseries and nurses and floating population, and popularize health education to reduce the prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease.