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目的:动态监测分析2008-2012年41 114例围产儿中出生缺陷发生率的变化趋势,建立出生缺陷综合干预模式并进行干预效果评价。方法:回顾性分析酒泉市2008-2012年出生缺陷监测资料;依托重大公共卫生项目,运用知信行模式建立并启动出生缺陷综合干预工程;应用统计学中的定基比和环比法对干预效果进行评估。结果:2008-2012年酒泉市共发生出生缺陷316例,总发生率为7.69‰,农村和城市出生缺陷发生率分别为9.06‰和4.88‰,农村出生缺陷发生率显著高于城市,呈逐年下降趋势;与2008年相比,2012年出生缺陷发生率下降了43.91%,定基比、环比下降速率各年度城市均高于农村;2008年未干预时围产儿先天畸形死亡率为4.55‰,占围产儿死亡的26.06%;2009年建立出生缺陷综合干预模式后下降为2.66‰,占围产儿死亡的18.33%,并逐年下降。与2008年相比,2012年出生缺陷死亡率下降了66.15%。结论:依托重大公共卫生项目,运用知信行模式,有针对性地启动出生缺陷干预工程,可有效降低缺陷儿发生率、出生率、致残率和死亡率,对促进人口资源环境的可持续发展将产生积极影响。
OBJECTIVE: To dynamically monitor and analyze the trend of birth defects in 41 114 perinatals from 2008 to 2012, and establish a comprehensive intervention model of birth defects and evaluate the effect of intervention. Methods: A retrospective analysis of Jiuquan city birth defects monitoring data from 2008 to 2012; relying on major public health projects, the use of Zhixin Xing mode to establish and start a comprehensive intervention project of birth defects; the use of statistical basis set ratio and ring to assess the effect of intervention . Results: A total of 316 birth defects were observed in Jiuquan from 2008 to 2012, with a total incidence of 7.69 ‰. The incidence of birth defects in rural and urban areas was 9.06 ‰ and 4.88 ‰, respectively. The incidence of rural birth defects in rural areas was significantly lower than that in urban areas Compared with 2008, the incidence of birth defects decreased by 43.91% in 2012, while the base-occupying ratio and the rate of decline in the chain growth rate were higher than those in rural areas in each year. The rate of congenital malformations perinatal death was 4.55 ‰ 26.6% of the deaths of children; in 2009 the establishment of a comprehensive model of birth defects dropped to 2.66 ‰, accounting for 18.33% of perinatal deaths, and declining year by year. Compared with 2008, the mortality rate of birth defects in 2012 decreased by 66.15%. Conclusion: Relying on a major public health project, using the mode of knowledge and credit to launch a targeted intervention program for birth defects can effectively reduce the incidence of defects, birth rate, disability and mortality, and promote the sustainable development of population, resources and environment Have a positive impact.