基于英国有关婚姻家庭生活与女性生命周期的关键性人口数据,全面分析了19世纪末期到20世纪中叶英国妇女社会地位变迁过程中的若干重大历史发展规律。研究发现:一方面,英国的家庭规模急剧缩小,结婚率显著上升,死亡率大幅度下降,男女预期寿命延长;另一方面,妇女越来越多地从事有薪工作,其生育子女的角色淡化,生育周期缩短,已婚女性家庭与就业两种角色逐渐形成,妇女社会地位不断提高。这些变化在英国政治、经济和文化等层面都产生了深远影响。 Based on the UK’s key population data on marriage, family life and women’s life cycle, a number of major historical developments in the process of changes in the social status of British women from the late nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century were analyzed in detail. The study found that: on the one hand, the scale of families in Britain has been dramatically reduced, the marriage rate has risen significantly, the death rate has dropped dramatically, and the life expectancy of men and women has been prolonged. On the other hand, women are increasingly engaged in paid work and the role of their childrearing children is weakened , The shortened birth cycle, the gradual formation of married women’s family and employment, and the continuous improvement of the social status of women. These changes have had a profound impact at the political, economic and cultural levels in the United Kingdom.