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目的:探讨构建大鼠督脉瘀阻型上颈脊髓损伤模型的有效方法。方法:选取30只3月龄SPF级Wistar大鼠,随机分为正常组、假手术组和模型组,每组10只。正常组不进行处理,其余2组大鼠经寰枕间隙置入球囊导管。麻醉苏醒后24 h,正常组和假手术组大鼠直接进行实验观察;在模型组大鼠的球囊导管末端连接手推压力泵,推注碘海醇注射液加压至3 bar(1 bar=100 kPa),持续加压1 h后进行实验观察。观察各组大鼠活动情况及体征,采集四诊信息,按照自拟的督脉瘀阻证辨证标准进行中医辨证。对各组大鼠行颈椎MRI检查,选择横断位T2WI上脊髓受压最严重的层面,测定脊髓最小径和最大径,计算脊髓压迫率(最小径∕最大径)。同时采用改良Tarlov评分法和BBB评分法对假手术组和模型组大鼠的运动功能进行评定。结果:造模后正常组和假手术组大鼠精神状态良好,喜动,活动灵活,皮毛光泽,唇色淡红,耳色淡,爪色淡红;模型组大鼠精神萎靡,蜷缩,活动减少,步态不稳,垂尾,唇色暗红,耳暗红,爪色青紫。按照自拟的辨证标准,模型组属督脉瘀阻证。模型组脊髓压迫率低于假手术组(0.64±0.04,0.73±0.04,t=4.672,P=0.000)。3组大鼠Tarlov评分、BBB评分总体比较,组间差异均有统计学意义[(4.98±0.18)分,(4.82±0.43)分,(4.17±0.60)分,F=9.408,P=0.001;(20.91±0.23)分,(21.01±0.36)分,(16.10±0.71)分,F=111.516,P=0.000];正常组和假手术组Tarlov评分、BBB评分比较,组间差异均无统计学意义(P=0.420;P=0.631);模型组Tarlov评分、BBB评分均低于正常组和假手术组(P=0.000,P=0.000;P=0.003,P=0.000)。结论:经寰枕间隙置入球囊导管并注射造影剂加压,可构建大鼠督脉瘀阻型上颈脊髓损伤模型。
Objective: To explore an effective method for establishing a model of upper cervical spinal cord injury in rats. Methods: Thirty 30-month-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham operation group and model group, with 10 rats in each group. The normal group did not deal with the other two groups of rats through the occipital space into the balloon catheter. The rats in the normal group and the sham operation group were directly observed 24 h after anesthesia awakening. The hand pump was connected to the end of the balloon catheter in the model group, and the iohexol injection was pushed to 3 bar (1 bar = 100 kPa), the experiment was continued after 1 h of pressurization. Observation of activity and signs of rats in each group, collecting four diagnostic information, in accordance with the proposed rule Duzheng stasis syndrome syndrome differentiation syndromes. Cervical MRI was performed on the rats in each group, and the most severe spinal cord compression level on T2WI was selected. The minimum diameter and maximum diameter of the spinal cord were measured and the spinal cord compression rate (minimum diameter / maximum diameter) was calculated. At the same time, modified Tarlov score and BBB score were used to evaluate the motor function in sham operation and model groups. Results: After the model was established, the rats in normal group and sham operation group were in good mental state, excited and flexible in activity, with luster of fur, pink lip color, pale ears and claw color. Rats in model group were apathetic, crouched and active Reduce, unsteady gait, vertical tail, lip color dark red, dark red, claw color purple. According to the standard of self-made syndrome differentiation, the model group belongs to Duke Stasis Syndrome. The spinal cord compression rate in model group was lower than that in sham operation group (0.64 ± 0.04, 0.73 ± 0.04, t = 4.672, P = 0.000). Tarlov score and BBB score in the three groups were statistically significant (4.98 ± 0.18, 4.82 ± 0.43, 4.17 ± 0.60, F = 9.408, P = 0.001) (20.91 ± 0.23), (21.01 ± 0.36) points, (16.10 ± 0.71) points, F = 111.516, P = 0.000]. There was no significant difference between the two groups in Tarlov score and BBB score (P = 0.420; P = 0.631). Tarlov score and BBB score in model group were lower than those in normal group and sham operation group (P = 0.000, P = 0.000; P = 0.003, P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: The model of upper cervical spinal cord injury of Governor meridians stasis can be constructed by inserting balloon catheter into the balloon catheter and injection of contrast medium under pressure.