髌骨劳损系指髌骨的关节软骨面(包括股骨髌面的关节软骨面)和髌骨周缘股四头肌张腱膜的附丽部分的慢性损伤,即髌骨软骨病(又称髌骨软骨软化症)和髌骨张腱末端病。这两种疾病可单独发生,也可一起发生,两者的损伤原理无甚差异,症状也有相似之处。 (一)原因和损伤原理——发生原因主要是膝关节(尤其是半蹲位姿势)局部长期负担过度或反复的微细损伤积累而成。在体育运动中,很多动作要处于半蹲位,即130～150°进行发力或移动。因膝关节在这个角度时,伸膝力量最大,关节活动最有利和最灵活,这就导致了产生损伤的机会。例如篮球滑步防守与进攻、急停与起跳,排球的跳起扣球、滚动救球,短跑的起跑,跳远的起跳,跳高 Patellar strain refers to the chondromalacia of the patella (including the articular cartilage surface of the femoral patella) and the chronic injury of the appendages of the aponeurosis of the patella quadriceps femoris, patellar cartilage (also known as chondromalacia patellae) and patella Zhang tendon terminal disease. These two diseases can occur alone, can also occur together, there is no difference between the two principles of injury, symptoms have similarities. (A) the cause and the principle of injury - the main reason is the occurrence of knee joints (especially half-squat position) local long-term overburden or repeated accumulation of tiny damage. In sports, many moves to be in a squatting position, that is, 130 ~ 150 ° force or movement. Due to the knee joint in this perspective, maximum knee strength, joint activities the most favorable and most flexible, which led to the opportunity to produce damage. Such as basketball slipping defense and attack, emergency stop and takeoff, volleyball jump spike, rolling save, sprint start, long jump, high jump