线虫属线形动物门、线虫纲,种类多,分布广,危害蘑菇、平菇、香菇等。入侵这些食用菌的线虫,分属于垫刃目、骨刃目和小杆目。 发生在平菇栽培中的线虫经鉴定为小杆线虫(Rhaclitis sp.),本试验对平菇线虫的发生规律及危害特性进行了观察,并对其防治方法作了初步实验。 1 形态特征 初孵化的幼虫为白色透明体,长35～60μm,体很细,表皮光滑,分节不明显。1～2天后开始蠕动爬行,分节明显,白色,大小为47～130×676～1400μm,体表有横纹及突起,口腔无吻针,消化系统与生殖系统发达。老熟成虫黄白色,不透明,卵椭圆形或卵圆形,白色至淡黄色,大小为4～5.5×5～8.5μm。 2 发生条件 在闷湿、不通风的情况下大量发生。培养料堆温不高、湿、粘、臭,容易发生线虫。 3 线虫来源 培养料中的虫卵与越冬成虫是线虫发生的主要来源。线虫主要是由培养料、覆土和水源三 Nematodes linear animal door, nematodes, many species, widely distributed, endangering mushrooms, mushrooms, mushrooms and so on. Invasion of these edible fungi nematodes, belong to the pad edge blade, bone blade and small rod head. The nematode occurred in the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus was identified as Rhaclitis sp. The experiment was carried out to observe the regularity and the harmfulness characteristics of Pleurotus ostreatus and to make a preliminary experiment on its control methods. 1 morphological characteristics of early hatching larvae are white transparent body, long 35 ~ 60μm, very fine body, smooth skin, the section is not obvious. 1 to 2 days after the start of creeping crawling, section clear, white, the size of 47 ~ 130 × 676 ~ 1400μm, body surface with stripes and protrusions, no oral kiss, digestive and reproductive system developed. Olive mature yellowish white, opaque, oval or oval eggs, white to light yellow, the size of 4 ~ 5.5 × 5 ~ 8.5μm. 2 conditions occur in stuffy wet, non-ventilated circumstances occur in large quantities. Cultivation pile temperature is not high, wet, sticky, stinky, prone to nematodes. 3 nematode culture of eggs and overwintering adult worms are the main source of occurrence of nematodes. Nematodes are mainly cultivated materials, soil and water source three