Nanostructured materials, characterized by an ultrafine grain size, have stimulated much research interest by virtue of their unusual mechanical, electrical, optical, and magnetic properties. In this paper, the sintering process of nano-powders were reviewed, to which sintering of the traditional materials compared. The microstructural development, i.e., grain growth and densification during sintering as well as the mechanism of crystal surface diffusion and boundary migration were analyzed, and the dynamic models on sintering process were summarized by the relationship of grain growth and pores size, interface diffusion, densification rate, and sintering temperature. Finally, the research tendency of this major on the basis of above models was discussed. Nanostructured materials, characterized by an ultrafine grain size, have stimulated much research interest by virtue of their unusual mechanical, electrical, optical, and magnetic properties. In this paper, the sintering process of nano-powders were reviewed, to which sintering of the traditional materials compared. The microstructural development, ie, grain growth and densification during sintering as well as the mechanism of crystal surface diffusion and boundary migration were analyzed, and the dynamic models on sintering process were summarized by the relationship of grain growth and pores size, interface diffusion, densification rate, and sintering temperature. Finally, the research tendency of this major on the basis of above models was discussed.