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关于配平化学方程式的文章,本刊在近些年来曾发表过多篇,张锋同志这篇文章又有新意,值得大家参考。使学生学会并熟练地书写化学方程式是化学教学基本的要求之一。化学方程式的配平则是化学教学的一个难点,怎样突破这个难点以减轻学生负担是值得研究的重要课题。通过观察的方法配平化学方程式是学生最欢迎的简便方法,由于它不考虑物质的分子结构和元素的化合价(或氧化数)而易于学生理解和掌握。遗憾的是:至今还没有完善的具体步骤,往往使学生陷入反复“凑数”的盲目中。为此,笔者试图解决这个问题,研究并制订了一定的步骤,使之有规则地迅速配平化学方程式。由于配平的着手处不同,把观察的方法分为最小公倍数法、比例法和奇数配偶法等。文中将列出相同的较复杂的氧化——还原方程式的例子,以便比较。文中对配平过程作了一定的说明,实际配平时,可直接填写系数。
With regard to the article on balancing the chemical equations, the journal has published many articles in recent years. Comrade Zhang Feng has made new ideas and is worthy of your reference. It is one of the basic requirements of chemistry teaching to make students learn and skillfully write chemical equations. The balancing of chemical equations is a difficult aspect of chemistry teaching. How to overcome this difficulty to reduce the burden on students is an important issue worth studying. The method of trimming the chemical equation by observation is the most popular method for students because it does not take into account the molecular structure of the material and the valence (or oxidation number) of the element and it is easy for students to understand and grasp. Unfortunately, there have been no concrete concrete steps so far, and students have often been caught in blind times. For this reason, the author tried to solve this problem, studied and formulated certain steps, so that it regularly and regularly equalize the chemical equation. Due to the differences in the start of balancing, the observation methods are divided into the least common multiple method, the proportion method, and the odd-numbered spouse method. The example of the same more complex oxidation-reduction equation will be listed for comparison. The trimming process is described in the text. When the actual trim is completed, the coefficient can be filled directly.