苯巴比妥通过刺激葡糖醛酸转移酶,促进胆汁分泌和排泄,可降低血清胆红素和胆盐的浓度。不少文献报道小剂量苯巴比妥不但对非结合胆红素为主的高胆红素血症疗效明显,而且对胆汁淤积症亦有较满意疗效。至于使用剂量多少比较合理,目前意见尚未一致。Blasco提出曾有人报告长期服用苯巴比妥的实验小鼠,仅出现轻微镇静作用,亦未见有共济失调和体格发育障碍,但最后却可引致小鼠的脑发育障碍。他认为,鉴于上述结果,同时还由于各种类型的高胆红素血症的疗效与苯巴比妥剂量之间的关系还未十分明确,故应该使用较小剂量治疗较为合理和安全。而Ghent等所报告两例慢性胆汁淤积症患儿,使用较大剂量的苯巴比妥治疗(>10mg/kg/日),其相应的血清药物浓度为5.5～5.7mg%,大大地超过了对癫痫发作的一般治疗所需的血清药物浓度(1.0～2.5mg%),而且亦超出了正常人可以接受的有毒剂量 Phenobarbital stimulates glucuronosyltransferases to promote bile secretion and excretion, lowering serum bilirubin and bile salt concentrations. Many reports of low-dose phenobarbital not only on the non-conjugated bilirubin-based hyperbilirubinemia obvious effect, but also cholestasis is also more satisfactory results. As for the use of more reasonable dose, the current opinion is not the same. Blasco proposed that experimental mice that had been taking phenobarbital for a long period of time had only mild sedation and no ataxia and physical developmental disorder but in the end they could cause brain developmental disorders in mice. He believes that in view of the above results, but also because the relationship between the efficacy of various types of hyperbilirubinemia and phenobarbital dose is not yet very clear, it should be treated with a smaller dose is more reasonable and safe. Ghent reported two cases of chronic cholestasis in children with larger doses of phenobarbital (> 10mg / kg / day), the corresponding serum drug concentration of 5.5 ~ 5.7mg%, greatly exceeded Serum drug concentration (1.0-2.5 mg%) required for the general treatment of seizures, but also beyond the toxic dose acceptable to normal people