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目的查明2016-03-03北京市房山区某高中1起腹泻暴发疫情的原因和特点。方法采用现场流行病学和实验室检测方法,对该高中学生出现腹泻暴发疫情进行研究。结果现场流行病学调查共79名出现呕吐、腹泻等症状,符合病例定义者39名,其中1名清洁工,38名学生,涉及9个班级,17间宿舍,罹患率11.01%(38/345),流行历时5 d。采集32份标本/肛拭子/呕吐物样本,检测11份为GⅠ组诺如病毒核酸阳性,阳性率34.38%,进行序列分析结果为GⅠ.6型。结论引起此次暴发疫情的原因可能是食堂无症状感染诺如病毒的工作人员经分餐传播给了食堂就餐的学生,继而由发病学生呕吐时产生的气溶胶或呕吐物污染了厕所、教室、宿舍和走廊等场所,导致人群共同暴露。
Objective To identify the causes and characteristics of an outbreak of diarrhea in a high school in Fangshan District, Beijing. Methods Epidemiology and laboratory tests were used to study the outbreak of diarrhea in high school students. Results There were 79 vomiting and diarrhea symptoms in the field epidemiological survey, which met the definition of case definition. Among them, 39 were defined as cleaners and 38 were students in 9 classes and 17 dormitories with an attack rate of 11.01% (38/345 ), Popular lasted 5 d. 32 specimens / rectal swabs / vomit samples were collected. 11 samples were positive for Norovirus nucleic acid in group GⅠ, with a positive rate of 34.38%. The sequence analysis showed GⅠ.6. Conclusions The outbreak may be caused by the fact that Norovirus, an asymptomatic infection in the cafeteria, was spread to the canteen by meal staff and subsequently polluted the toilets, classrooms and dorm rooms by aerosols or vomit from vomiting students And corridors and other places, leading to co-exposure of the crowd.