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目的了解海南省三亚市2006—2015年疟疾流行特征及防治效果,为防控和消除疟疾提供参考依据。方法收集整理三亚市2006—2015年疟疾病例信息等资料,并进行统计学分析。结果三亚市2006—2015年疟疾病例457例,其中本地感染437例,年平均报告发病率为7.75/10万,发病地区以天涯区最高(χ2=223.21,P<0.05),占全市本地报告病例的71.62%,发病月份集中在6—9月;发病平均年龄为(29.87±15.10)岁,以10~20岁最高;职业以农民和学生为主,占病例总数的72.54%;男性发病远大于女性(χ2=109.80,P<0.05);2012、2013、2014年连续3年无病例报告,2015年疟疾报告病例7例。20例输入性病例年均报告发病率为1.38/10万,发病月份呈散发;发病平均年龄为(34.60±20.27)岁,以30~39岁年龄段最高;男性发病居多;职业以农民和民工为主,占病例总数的65.00%;2011—2014年连续4年无输入性疟疾病例报告,2015年报告病例1例。结论 2006—2014年三亚市本地感染疟疾下降趋势明显,但2015年报告本地病例7例,提示疟疾防控形势仍不容乐观,需要在原有的防治工作基础上采取更具有针对性的措施,确保实现消除疟疾的目标。
Objective To understand the malaria epidemic characteristics and control effects in Sanya of Hainan Province from 2006 to 2015 and provide a reference for prevention and control of malaria. Methods The data of malaria cases from 2006 to 2015 in Sanya were collected and analyzed. Results 457 cases of malaria were detected in Sanya in 2006-2015, of which 437 were locally infected. The annual average incidence rate was 7.75 per 100 000. The incidence was highest in Tianya (χ2 = 223.21, P <0.05) , And the onset month was from June to September. The mean age of onset was (29.87 ± 15.10) years old, and the highest was from 10 to 20 years old. Occupation was dominated by peasants and students, accounting for 72.54% of the total cases. The incidence of males was much larger than that of males Female (χ2 = 109.80, P <0.05). There were no case reports for three consecutive years in 2012, 2013 and 2014. Seven cases were reported in 2015 in malaria. The average annual incidence was (34.60 ± 20.27) years old, the highest was in the age group of 30-39 years old; the majority was male; the occupations were peasants and migrant workers , Accounting for 65.00% of the total number of cases; no case of imported malaria was reported for 4 consecutive years in 2011-2014, and 1 case was reported in 2015. Conclusion The trend of local malaria reduction in Sanya City was obvious from 2006 to 2014. However, 7 cases of local cases were reported in 2015, suggesting that malaria prevention and control situation is still not optimistic. It is necessary to take more targeted measures based on the original prevention and control measures to ensure the realization The goal of eliminating malaria.