和她“小时候”相比,地球已经越来越热,需要降降温啦!多年来,气候科学家一直在讨论各种给地球降温的方法的可行性。比如,向天空喷射水基硫酸盐来反射和散射太阳光,其效果类似于火山爆发的冷却效应,但这种方法有较大的副作用,一直没被采用。现在,美国研究人员经过计算,认为可以用钻石的固体纳米颗粒或氧化铝的固体纳米颗粒代替水基硫酸盐,这样可能更有效、对环境破坏更小。它们对臭氧层影响小,造成的平流层升温幅度没那么大,地球表面漫射光的增加也没那么多。其中,钻石尘的效果要好 The Earth has become hotter and warmer than her “Childhood.” For years, climate scientists have been discussing the feasibility of various methods of cooling the Earth. For example, jetting water-based sulfates to the sky to reflect and scatter sunlight has a similar effect as the cooling effect of volcanic eruptions, but this approach has greater side effects and has not been used. Now, US researchers have calculated that solid nanoparticles of diamond or solid nanoparticles of alumina instead of water-based sulfates can be considered as more effective and less environmentally damaging. They have a small effect on the ozone layer, causing less warming in the stratosphere and less increase in stray light on the Earth’s surface. Among them, the effect of diamond dust is better