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目的探讨对农村居民进行糖尿病干预的效果,为农村慢性病预防控制工作的开展提供参考。方法 2010年10月选择农村糖尿病患者76例为观察组,同期选择农村糖尿病患者72例为对照组。所有患者常规服药治疗,并进行相应的服药及健康指导。观察组在此基础上进行全面的健康干预,包括健康教育、饮食控制、运动疗法、降糖药物及自我监测。干预2年后比较两组患者糖尿病知识知晓情况、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖和糖化血红蛋白。计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果干预后两组糖尿病相关知识知晓率比较差异均有统计学意义(χ2=23.73、35.50、55.28、38.79,均P<0.05),干预后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖和糖化血红蛋白观察组[(9.85±1.74)、(7.78±1.65)mmol/L、(7.41±0.80)%]与对照组[(13.67±2.05)、(10.26±3.15)mmol/l、(8.51±1.22)%]比较差异均有统计学意义(t=0.19、1.71、1.19、0.27、0.21,均P<0.05)。结论对农村糖尿病患者进行系统干预,可有效减少并发症,提高患者生存质量,减轻家庭和社会的负担,值得推广。
Objective To explore the effect of diabetes intervention on rural residents and provide reference for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in rural areas. Methods In October 2010, 76 rural patients with diabetes were selected as the observation group, and 72 rural patients with diabetes were selected as control group in the same period. All patients routine medication, and the appropriate medication and health guidance. On the basis of this, the observation team conducted comprehensive health interventions including health education, diet control, exercise therapy, antidiabetic drugs and self-monitoring. Two years after the intervention, the knowledge of diabetes, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin at 2 h were compared. Measurement data using t test, count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results After intervention, there were significant differences in the awareness rate of diabetes-related knowledge (χ2 = 23.73,35.50,55.28,38.79, both P <0.05). After intervention, fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2h blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin observation group [( 9.81 ± 1.74), (7.78 ± 1.65) mmol / L, (7.41 ± 0.80)%] compared with the control group [(13.67 ± 2.05), (10.26 ± 3.15) mmol / l, (8.51 ± 1.22)%] There was statistical significance (t = 0.19,1.71,1.19,0.27,0.21, all P <0.05). Conclusions Systemic intervention for diabetic patients in rural areas can effectively reduce complications, improve patient quality of life, reduce the burden on families and society, and is worth promoting.