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清末回民起义失败后，白彦虎等率起义军余部翻越天山，定居中亚。这次被迫的避难事件，却带来一个新的民族——东干族的诞生。从此，回族不再是中国境内独有的民族，而是作为“跨界民族”存在于世。斗转星移，清末回民起义已经过去了 １２０余年，然围绕白彦虎的评价问题一直为学界所关注。本文作者在中亚东干族聚居区田野工作基础上，并结合中、俄文资料，再就白彦虎之评价问题作客观阐述。
After the failure of the Hui uprising in the late Qing Dynasty, Bai Yanhu and other rebel forces over the Tianshan Mountains, settled in Central Asia. The forced evacuation incident brought about the birth of a new ethnic group, the Donggan people. Since then, the Hui are no longer unique to China, but exist as “trans-boundary ethnic groups.” The twists and turns, the Hui uprising in the late Qing Dynasty has passed more than 120 years, while the evaluation of Bai Yanhu has been the concern of the academic community. Based on the field work in the Donggan settlement in Central Asia, the author of this article combined with the information in Chinese and Russian to make an objective explanation on the evaluation of Bai Yanhu.