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目的了解温州市本地种植大米中镉含量,评估当地居民大米镉暴露风险。方法于2012年、2014年、2015年采集温州市10个县(市、区)农户、农贸市场和超市销售的本地种植籼米、粳米共403份进行镉含量检测,采用单因子污染评估指数法评估大米镉污染状况,采用化学致癌物健康风险评估模型评估居民大米镉暴露风险。结果 403份大米样品镉含量中位数为0.045 mg/kg,检出率为95.29%(384/403),超标率为3.72%(15/403)。单因子污染评估指数为0.225,温州市10个县(市、区)大米单因子污染指数均<0.70,属优良。经大米摄入镉的健康年风险值为1.57×10~(-5)a~(-1),低于美国环境保护署(USEPA)推荐的最大可接受水平(1×10~(-4)a~(-1))和国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受水平(5×10~(-5)a~(-1))。结论温州市本地种植大米镉含量对健康潜在危害风险较低。
Objective To understand the content of cadmium in locally grown rice in Wenzhou and to evaluate the risk of rice cadmium exposure in local residents. Methods A total of 403 indicted rice and japonica rice from 403 counties in 10 counties (cities, districts) in Wenzhou City were collected for detection of cadmium content in 2012, 2014 and 2015. The single factor pollution assessment index Rice cadmium pollution status, the use of chemical carcinogens health risk assessment model to assess the residents of rice cadmium exposure risk. Results The median cadmium content of 403 rice samples was 0.045 mg / kg, the detection rate was 95.29% (384/403), and the exceeding standard rate was 3.72% (15/403). The single factor pollution assessment index was 0.225. The single factor pollution index of rice in 10 counties (cities and districts) in Wenzhou was <0.70, which was excellent. The health year risk of cadmium intake by rice is 1.57 × 10 ~ (-5) a ~ (-1), which is lower than the maximum acceptable level (1 × 10 ~ (-4)) recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) a -1 and the ICRP recommended maximum acceptable level (5 × 10 -5 a -1). Conclusions The cadmium content of locally grown rice in Wenzhou has a low risk of potential health hazards.