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肺结核病是由结核杆菌引起的一种慢性呼吸道传染病。据世界卫生组织的报告,目前全球有17亿人感染结核,现有结核病人2000万人,每年新发病人数800万,死亡300万。在中国,据1990年的统计调查有肺结核病人593万,占全球病人数的29.7％;每年死亡23万,占传染病死亡率的首位。在肺结核患者中,老年患者并不少见,甚至比青壮年人还要多一些。老年肺结核大多是早年结核感染之后,肺部潜在病变复发所导致。一般人初次感染结核菌之后,由于自身免疫力的保护作用而不发展成为肺
Tuberculosis is a chronic respiratory infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to the report of the World Health Organization, there are 1.7 billion people infected with tuberculosis in the world at present, and the existing number of TB patients is 20 million. There are 8 million new ones each year and 3 million deaths. In China, according to the 1990 survey, there were 5.93 million TB patients, accounting for 29.7% of the global total. The annual death toll is 230,000, accounting for the highest proportion of infectious disease deaths. Among tuberculosis patients, elderly patients are not uncommon, even more than young adults. Elderly tuberculosis is mostly caused by a relapse of underlying lung disease after an early tuberculosis infection. Most people first infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, because of the protective effect of their own immunity and not to develop into lung