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本研究取材于青海省农林科学院自然库中保存30年及5年以上的普通小麦农家品种10个,测定了9项指标,结果表明:1957年贮入青海库的种子,1987年仍有一定的发芽能力,平均33%(5.56～46.0%),1981年贮入的种子平均发芽率为92.2%(84.3～98.0%)。发芽率与活力指数,鲜苗重、苗干重、电导率等均有一定相关关系,有的达极显著平准。陈旧种子根尖染色体后期异常染色体出现的频率高。但播种田间种植一年以后染色体恢复正常,异常率只1.18%,分析比较了不同贮存年代,不同发芽率的酯酶、过氧化物酶等同工酶,陈旧种子中条带数明显减少、削弱。对利用青海低温、干操自然库保存小麦种子提出了意见。
This study was based on 10 varieties of common wheat farmer preserved in the natural bank of Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry for 30 years and above for 5 years. Nine indexes were measured. The results showed that in 1957, the seeds stored in Qinghai bank were still in 1987 The average germination rate of seeds stored in 1981 was 92.2% (84.3-98.0%). The germination capacity was 33% (5.56 ~ 46.0%) on average. Germination rate and vitality index, fresh weight, seedling dry weight, electrical conductivity, etc. have a certain correlation, and some extremely significant level. The frequency of abnormal chromosomes in the late-stage apical chromosomes of old seeds is high. However, one year after planting, the chromosomes returned to normal with an abnormal rate of only 1.18%. The contents of esterase and peroxidase isozymes at different storage ages and different germination rates were significantly reduced and weakened. On the use of Qinghai cold, dry operation of the natural storage of wheat seeds put forward their views.