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目的了解什邡地震灾区灾民的心理健康状况,为对灾民进行心理干预提供科学依据。方法采用卫生部颁发的《心理健康自评问卷》(SRQ—20)对什邡市4个大型安置点的984名灾民进行了随机问卷调查。结果什邡灾民心理问题需要心理干预者占55.28%,其中较突出者并需心理干预者占9.35%,有自杀倾向者28.05%;男女严重度无明显差异;死者家属心理健康受损度高(x2=15.55,P<0.01);文化程度方面学历较低者受损程度高,小学及以下>初中=高中。最常见的心理问题是感到疲劳(78.46%),其次是焦虑担心(77.64%)、抑郁不高兴(71.95%)。结论地震灾害造成灾民的心理健康问题较为突出,加强心理卫生教育及对灾民的心理干预是非常必要的。
Objective To understand the mental health status of victims in Shifang earthquake-stricken area and provide a scientific basis for psychological intervention of the victims. Methods A random questionnaire survey was conducted on 984 victims in 4 large settlements of Shifang City using the Self-Assessment Mental Health Questionnaire (SRQ-20) issued by the Ministry of Health. Results There were 55.28% psychological distress victims in mental health problems among them. Among them, 9.35% were psychosocial interventions and 28.05% were suicidal ones. There was no significant difference between men and women in severity of mental health problems. = 15.55, P <0.01). The degree of education is lower in those with lower education level, while those in primary school and below> junior high school = high school. The most common psychological problems were fatigue (78.46%), followed by anxiety (77.64%) and depression (71.95%). Conclusion The mental health problems caused by earthquake disaster are more prominent. It is very necessary to strengthen mental health education and psychological intervention for victims.