在华俄侨文献是19世纪下半叶到20世纪50年代初居住在中国的俄罗斯侨民出版的文献,该文献是特定历史时代的文化产物,具有极高的历史价值、艺术价值和科学价值。本文介绍了国家图书馆馆藏在华俄侨文献概况,分析了馆藏俄侨图书的特点并列举特色文献。为更好地保护这批珍贵文献,应开展全面普查,设立“俄侨文库”专库,编制《在华俄侨文献全国总目》,补藏原缺文献,建设全文数据库,加强文献整理研究。 Documents from overseas Chinese in China are the literatures published by Russian expatriates living in China from the second half of the 19th century to the early 1950s. This document is a cultural product of a specific historical era and has extremely high historical, artistic and scientific values. This article introduces the general situation of the national library collections of overseas Chinese in China, analyzes the characteristics of the collections of overseas Chinese books and cites the special documents. In order to better protect these valuable documents, a comprehensive survey should be carried out to establish a special library for Russian overseas Chinese and to compile a “national directory of Russian overseas Chinese in China”, to supplement the original documents, to build a full-text database and to strengthen the literature Finishing research.