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汉语语汇里存在数量相当多的互文成语,很有必要在界定互文成语的基础上,讨论互文成语的生成途径和定型机制。互文成语的界定应坚持形式(结构对称性)和内容(语义互补性)相结合的双重标准,具体可用换位法和换序法来检验,互文成语结构的对称性根源于语义的互补性。互文成语的产生方式主要有组合式、错综式、离合式和框架式四种,其中离合式和错综式前人似未有提及。研究互文成语的形成,可以丰富我们对构语法的认识,也有助于语典的释义。
There are a large number of intertextual idioms in the Chinese vocabulary, and it is necessary to discuss the formation mechanism and mechanism of intertextual idioms based on the definition of intertextual idioms. The definition of intertextual idioms should adhere to the double standards of form (structural symmetry) and content (semantic complementarity), which can be tested by the transposition method and the substitution method, and the symmetry of intertextual idioms originates from the complement of semantics Sex. There are four types of intertextual idioms: combinational, intricate, clutch and framed. The study of the formation of intertextual idioms can enrich our understanding of grammatical construction, but also contribute to the interpretation of the dictionary.