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文章以盐城海滨湿地典型区域为案例,以2011年4月和2012年4月对海滨湿地土壤数据为基础,结合2011年ETM+遥感影像,运用灰色关联分析、线性回归模拟和地统计学方法,辨识海滨湿地景观演变的关键生态因子,并确定其生态阈值。得出基本结论如下:(1)海滨湿地土壤理化性质海陆差异明显:从米草沼泽—碱蓬沼泽—芦苇沼泽,土壤水分和盐度表现出递减的趋势;土壤有机质、营养盐总体上从米草沼泽—碱蓬沼泽—芦苇沼泽,表现出两头高中间低的特征;湿润年份土壤水分高于干旱年份,湿润年份土壤盐度低于干旱年份。(2)灰色关联分析表明:干旱年份,水分>盐度>铵态氮>速效钾>有机质>有效磷;湿润年份为:盐度>水分>有效磷>铵态氮>速效钾>有机质,因此把土壤水分和盐度确定为海滨湿地景观演变的关键生态因子。(3)土壤水分和盐度在东西海陆方向上的变异大于南北海岸延伸方向上的变异。(4)将景观类型图和海滨湿地土壤水分与盐度分异图叠加分析,得出:芦苇滩土壤水分阈值<42.332%,盐度阈值<0.745%;碱蓬滩土壤水分阈值为38.836%—46.593%,盐度阈值为0.403%—1.314%;米草滩土壤水分阈值>39.475%,盐度阈值>0.403%;光滩的土壤阈值>41.550%,盐度阈值>0.656%。
Taking the typical area of Yancheng seashore wetland as an example and based on the coastal wetland soil data in April 2011 and April 2012, combining with the 2011 ETM + remote sensing image, the gray correlation analysis, linear regression and geostatistics methods were used to identify The key ecological factors of coastal wetland landscape evolution and its ecological threshold are determined. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The physical and chemical properties of the coastal wetland are obviously different between the land and the sea: the soil moisture and salinity show a declining trend from the grass-marsh-the grass-shrub-reed swamp; the soil organic matter and nutrients generally range from rice Grass marsh - Suaeda marsh - reed swamp, showing two high middle and low characteristics; wet years of soil moisture is higher than the dry years, wet years of soil salinity is lower than the dry years. (2) The gray relational analysis showed that in the dry years, the water> salinity> ammonium nitrogen> available potassium> organic matter> available phosphorus; the wet years were: salinity> water> available phosphorus> ammonium nitrogen> available potassium> organic matter Soil moisture and salinity were identified as key ecological factors in the landscape evolution of coastal wetlands. (3) The variation of soil moisture and salinity in the east-west land-sea direction is greater than the variation in the extension direction of the north-south coast. (4) By superposing the landscape type maps and the sea water and salinity differential maps of coastal wetlands, the results showed that: the threshold of soil moisture of reeds was <42.332%, the threshold of salinity was less than 0.745%; the threshold of soil moisture of southeastern was 38.836% 46.593%, salinity threshold 0.403% -1.314%; Mitucao soil moisture threshold> 39.475%, salinity threshold> 0.403%; light beach soil threshold> 41.550% and salinity threshold> 0.656%.