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利用淮河流域171个站点1971年-2010年的气象资料及作物历年生育期资料,通过作物全生育期的需水量和有效降水量计算了主要作物全生育期的水分盈亏指数。结果表明:①淮河流域小麦种植区全生育期水分盈亏指数分区平均值在-0.66～-0.43之间,各分区均呈现水分亏缺,但多年变化趋势不明显,空间分布呈明显的纬向分布特征,越往北水分亏缺越明显;②玉米种植区全生育期水分盈亏指数分区平均值在0.05～0.17之间,各区多年变化均呈增加趋势,其中北部平原夏玉米区和中部平原夏玉米区增加趋势通过了α=0.05显著性检验,分别达到0.099/10a和0.097/10a,空间分布呈西北-东南分布特征,由西北向东南增大;③沿淮及以南一季稻区水分盈亏指数平均为0.05,呈现0.024/10a的增加趋势,空间分布呈中间小两头大的分布特征。
Based on the meteorological data of 171 sites in Huaihe River Basin from 1971 to 2010 and the data of crop growth over the years, the index of water profit and loss during the whole growth period of main crops was calculated through the demand and effective precipitation during the whole crop growth period. The results showed as follows: ①The mean value of water deficit index in the wheat growing area of Huaihe River valley during the whole growing period was between -0.66 and -0.43, and the water deficit appeared in all subareas, but the change trend was not obvious in many years and the spatial distribution was obviously zonal Characteristics of the more north to the water deficit more obvious; ② corn growing area during the whole growth period of water profit and loss index sub-regional average between 0.05 ~ 0.17, the area showed an increase in many years changes, including the northern plains and the Central Plains summer maize The increasing trend of the area passed the significance test of α = 0.05, reaching 0.099 / 10a and 0.097 / 10a, respectively. The spatial distribution showed a northwest-southeast distribution and increased from northwest to southeast. With an average of 0.05, showing an increasing trend of 0.024 / 10a, the spatial distribution of the middle two small distribution characteristics.