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目的了解合肥市无偿献血者中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)流行情况和HIV感染者的人口特征,指导招募低危献血者,进而指导制定合适的血液筛查策略,降低经血传播HIV的风险。方法安徽省血液中心检验科采用1种国产三代酶联免疫试验(ELISA)试剂和1种进口四代ELISA试剂,以及核酸检测(NAT)试剂进行HIV筛查,筛查反应性标本送确证实验室进行确证。统计安徽省血液中心2014年1月-2015年12月HIV筛查呈反应性的献血者确证结果进行回顾性分析。结果 2年时间内ELISA试剂筛查了215 015份标本,筛查呈反应性并送确证实验室标本554份,经确证阳性41份(均为ELISA双试剂反应性),确证阳性率为7.4%:其中男性38例,女性3例;小于30岁的有24例,占58.5%;首次献血有32位,占78%。2年时间内,NAT筛查了203 999例标本,ELISA-/NAT+9例,经鉴定均为阴性。结论近年来合肥市无偿献血者中HIV感染者较高,主要集中在30岁以下的首次男性献血者,应做好这部分献血者的咨询工作,降低输血传播HIV的风险。
Objective To understand the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the demographic characteristics of HIV-infected persons in unpaid blood donors in Hefei and to guide the recruitment of low-risk blood donors so as to guide the development of appropriate blood screening strategies to reduce the risk of transmitting HIV through blood. Methods Anhui Provincial Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Department of Hematology, Anhui Province, China Abstract: One HIV screening test for domestic third-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and one imported fourth-generation ELISA kit and nucleic acid assay (NAT) Confirmation. Statistics Anhui Provincial Blood Center retrospectively analyzed the confirmatory results of HIV-seropositive blood donors from January 2014 to December 2015. Results A total of 215 015 specimens were screened by ELISA in two years. The results showed that 554 samples were confirmed positive and 41 were positive (both ELISA reactivity). The positive rate was confirmed to be 7.4% There were 38 males and 3 females; 24 were less than 30 years old, accounting for 58.5%; 32 were first donated, accounting for 78%. Within 2 years, 203,999 specimens were screened by NAT and 9 by ELISA- / NAT +, all of which were negative. Conclusion In recent years, Hefei HIV / AIDS patients with high blood donation are mainly concentrated in the first male blood donors under the age of 30, this part of blood donors should be consulted to reduce the risk of blood transfusion transmitted HIV.