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目的调查贵州省黔东南州苗族健康随机献血人群人类血小板抗原(human platelet antigen,HPA)1-5、15系统基因多态性分布特点。方法采用聚合酶链-序列特异性引物技术(PCR-SSP)对贵州省黔东南州无血缘关系苗族随机献血人群100例血样进行HPA-1～5、15系统基因分型。结果贵州省黔东南州苗族HPA-1a、2a、3a、4a、5a、15a基因频率分别是0.950、0.900、0.830、0.985、0.975、0.585,HPA-1b、2b、3b、4b、5b、15b基因频率分别是0.050、0.100、0.170、0.015、0.025、0.4150;与其他研究比较:HPA-1与新疆维吾尔族、海南黎族、中国汉族相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HPA-2与新疆维吾尔族、海南黎族、菲律宾、泰国相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HPA-3与我国其它研究相比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);HPA-4与其它研究相比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);HPA-5与国内新疆维吾尔族相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HPA-15与新疆维吾尔族、海南黎族族、印度尼西亚相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论贵州省黔东南州苗族人群HPA分布具有本地人群特点。本组HPA数据分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律,可以作为贵州省黔东南州苗族HPA基因分布频率数据库和血小板供者HPA资料库。
Objective To investigate the gene polymorphism distribution of human platelet antigen (HPA) 1-5,15 system in healthy random donors in Qiandongnan Prefecture in Guizhou province. Methods One hundred (100) blood samples from unrelated Miao donors in Qiandongnan Prefecture of Guizhou Province were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP). Results The gene frequencies of HPA-1a, 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a and 15a in Qiandongnan Prefecture were 0.950,0.900,0.830,0.985,0.975,0.585, HPA-1b, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b and 15b The frequencies of HPA-1 and Xinjiang Han were significantly lower than those of other studies (P <0.05). The frequencies of HPA-1 and HPA-1 were significantly different from those of other studies There was significant difference between Xinjiang Uygur, Hainan Li, Philippines and Thailand (P <0.05); HPA-3 was significantly different from other studies in our country (P <0.05) (P> 0.05). There was significant difference between HPA-5 and Uyghur nationality in Xinjiang (P <0.05). There was significant difference between HPA-15 and Xinjiang Uygur, Hainan Li and Indonesia There was statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion The distribution of HPA of Miao people in Qiandongnan Prefecture in Guizhou Province has the characteristics of local population. This group of HPA data distribution in line with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law, can be used as Qiandongnan Prefecture Miao HPA gene distribution frequency database and platelet donor HPA database.