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目的评价创建“全国亿万农民健康促进广东省行动示范区”(以下简称“行动”示范区)对居民健康素养的干预效果。方法在梅州市梅江区城北镇25个村(居委会)随机抽取2个村和2个居委会的居民和分层随机抽取辖区五年级、六年级、初一、初二、高一、高二年级各1个班的学生,对健康促进干预活动前后的健康素养知识知晓率、健康行为形成率及健康需求率进行比较。结果城北镇居民总体健康理念和基本知识知晓率从干预前的72.27%提高到干预后的82.98%(P<0.01);总体生活方式行为与技能改变率从干预前的63.32%提高到干预后的72.49%(P<0.01);乱扔垃圾、缺少锻炼和口味重等不良行为得到较大的改变。干预前当地居民认为亟需改善体育健康设施、治安和噪音的人数比例分别为33.61%、31.95%和30.84%,干预后对改善体育健康设施和健康知识的需求增至47.99%和27.74%。结论创建“行动”示范区综合措施干预后,居民健康素养知识与技能的掌握效果明显。
Objective To evaluate the effect of intervention on the health literacy of residents by creating the “National Billions of Farmers’ Health Promotion Guangdong Action Demonstration Zone” (hereinafter referred to as the “Operational” Demonstration Zone). Methods Twenty-five villages (neighborhood committees) in Chengbei Town, Meijiang District, Meizhou City were randomly selected from the residents of two villages and two neighborhood committees and stratified randomly from the fifth grade, the sixth grade, the first grade, the second grade, the first grade and the second grade One class of students compared health literacy awareness, health behavior formation rate and health demand rate before and after health promotion intervention. Results The rate of awareness of general health concept and basic knowledge of residents in Chengbei town increased from 72.27% before intervention to 82.98% after intervention (P <0.01), and the rate of change of overall lifestyle behavior and skills from 63.32% before intervention to 72.49% (P <0.01). Larger changes were found in littering, lack of exercise and heavy taste. Before the intervention, 33.61%, 31.95% and 30.84% of the people in urgent need of improvement of physical and health facilities, public security and noise were found to be 47.9% and 27.74% respectively after the intervention in order to improve physical health facilities and health knowledge. Conclusion After the intervention of comprehensive measures to establish “demonstration area” is created, the knowledge and skills of residents’ health literacy are obvious.