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研究了生物絮团在凡纳滨对虾零水交换养殖系统中应用技术。实验设置为2个处理组:生物絮团+100%投饵组、生物絮团+75%投饵组,每个处理组设置2个平行组。结果表明:通过添加碳源池塘生物絮团沉降量呈现逐渐上升的趋势,在实验40~80d内生物絮团沉降量无显著差异(P>0.05),并保持稳定的状态;各实验组池塘TAN和NO-2-N呈现先升高后下降的趋势,分别在30d、50d时达到最大值,而且所有水质指标均符合对虾健康生长的要求;异养菌和弧菌数量表现为逐渐增加的趋势,而且100%投饵和75%投饵2个实验组相近。各实验组凡纳滨对虾血细胞数量、血浆抗菌、溶菌活力和血浆、肝胰脏T-AOC、SOD、GSH活力和GSH/GSSG在养殖期间随时间变化不显著(P>0.05),凡纳滨对虾血细胞数量100%投饵组>75%投饵组,抗菌、溶菌活力无明显差异(P>0.05),而血浆T-AOC、SOD活力均为75%投饵组>100%投饵组,GSH活力和GSH/GSSG则差异不显著,各实验组肝胰脏所有抗氧化指标均无明显差异。减少投饵对凡纳滨对虾生物学体长、体质量和养殖产量均无明显影响(P>0.05);75%投饵与100%投饵处理组饵料系数分别为1.1、1.4,亩利润分别为2789、3141元,投入产出比分别为1:2.16、1:2.52。由此可见,添加有机碳源培育生物絮团,可以有效的调控水质,而且在减少投饵情况下生物絮团养殖凡纳滨对虾可基本保持正常的生理健康水平,降低饵料系数,提高投入产出比,提高养殖效益,是一种清洁健康的对虾养殖模式。
The application technology of bioflocs in the zero-water exchange culture system of Litopenaeus vannamei was studied. The experiment was set to 2 treatment groups: bioflocs + 100% feeding group, bioflocs + 75% feeding group, and each treatment group was set to 2 parallel groups. The results showed that the sedimentation amount of bioflocs in pond increased gradually with the addition of carbon source, and there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in the bioflocs settling within 40 ~ 80 days of experiment. And NO-2-N tended to increase firstly and then decrease, reaching the maximum at 30d and 50d, respectively, and all the water quality indicators met the requirements of healthy growth of shrimp; the number of heterotrophic bacteria and vibrios showed a gradual increase trend , And 100% feeding and 75% feeding two experimental groups similar. The numbers of blood cells, antibacterial activity and bacteriolytic activity of plasma and T-AOC, SOD, GSH and GSH / GSSG in plasma, hepatopancreas, and GSH / GSSG did not change significantly with time in the experimental group (P> 0.05) There was no significant difference in antibacterial and bacteriolytic activities between 100% bait group and 100% bait group (P> 0.05), while plasma T-AOC and SOD activities were all higher than 75% bait group> 100% bait group, GSH activity and GSH / GSSG were not significantly different, all the experimental group of liver and pancreas all the anti-oxidation index no significant difference. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in reducing body weight, body weight and culture yield of Litopenaeus vannamei by reducing feeding; the feed coefficient of 75% feeding and 100% feeding treatment were 1.1, 1.4, respectively For 2789,3141 yuan, input-output ratio was 1: 2.16,1: 2.52. Thus, adding organic carbon source to cultivate bioflocs can effectively control water quality, and bioflocs can reduce the feeding rate and reduce the bait coefficient, Compared to improve farming efficiency, is a clean and healthy shrimp farming model.