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目的分析2005—2014年浙江省5岁以下儿童意外死亡的流行特征,为控制儿童意外死亡提供防制对策。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取浙江省30个县(市、区),收集2005—2014年5岁以下儿童意外死亡资料,采用描述性统计和趋势卡方检验,分析儿童意外死亡原因、死亡率和流行趋势。结果浙江省5岁以下儿童意外死亡率从2005年的25.21/万下降至2014年14.81/万。与2005年相比,2014年新生儿、婴儿和1~4岁儿童的意外死亡率均呈下降趋势,下降幅度分别为70.05%、45.60%和31.63%(P<0.05)。农村5岁以下儿童意外死亡率下降幅度为49.37%,高于城市的28.19%(P<0.05),常住人口儿童意外死亡率下降的幅度为58.54%,高于流动人口儿童的30.23%(P<0.05)。结论意外伤害仍是威胁浙江省5岁以下儿童生命的重要因素,流动人口儿童应列为防范意外死亡的重点人群,应针对不同年龄组儿童主要死因开展预防措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of unintentional death among children under 5 years of age in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2014 and provide preventive measures to control the accidental death of children. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 30 counties (cities and districts) in Zhejiang Province. Data on unintentional death among children under 5 years of age from 2005 to 2014 were collected. Descriptive statistics and trend chi-square test were used to analyze the causes of child accidental death. Mortality and trends. Results The accidental death rate of children under 5 years of age in Zhejiang province dropped from 25.21% in 2005 to 14.81% in 2014. Compared with 2005, the accidental death rates of newborns, infants and children aged 1-4 years showed a decreasing trend in 2014, down by 70.05%, 45.60% and 31.63%, respectively (P <0.05). The accidental death rate of children under 5 years of age in rural areas dropped by 49.37%, higher than that of urban areas by 28.19% (P <0.05). The accidental death rate of resident children decreased by 58.54%, higher than that of floating population children (30.23%, P < 0.05). Conclusion Accidental injury is still an important factor threatening the life of children under 5 years of age in Zhejiang Province. Migrant children should be listed as the key population to prevent accidental death. Preventive measures should be taken according to the main causes of death of children of different age groups.