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目的:探讨牛初乳对长时间强化耐力训练后运动员免疫功能抑制的调节作用。方法:将15名国家健将级赛艇男运动员随机分为运动对照组和牛初乳组。两组运动员同时进行30天内容相同的运动训练,训练期间牛初乳组以15g/d的剂量补充牛初乳。训练期前及训练期后分别测定各组运动员的各项免疫指标。结果:强化耐力训练期后,牛初乳组淋巴细胞数量明显增加,并显著高于运动对照组(P<0.001);CD3+T细胞和CD4+/CD8+比值维持在训练前正常水平,但均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);训练期后,牛初乳组血清球蛋白水平显著高于运动对照组(P<0.01),血清白蛋白及A/G比值却明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。强化耐力训练期后,牛初乳组与运动对照组中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞、IgA和IgG均无显著性差异。结论:强化耐力训练期补充牛初乳能有效防止强化耐力训练期后CD4+/CD8+比值的下降、淋巴细胞数量的减少及血清球蛋白含量的降低。提示牛初乳具有良好的维持机体免疫功能自稳态的作用,有助于防止长时间大强度耐力训练后运动员机体免疫功能的下降。
Objective: To investigate the regulation of colostrum on the suppression of immune function of athletes after prolonged endurance training. Methods: Fifteen state-level rowing male athletes were randomly divided into exercise control group and colostrum group. The two groups of athletes performed the same exercise training for 30 days at the same time, and the colostrum was supplemented with colostrum at a dose of 15g / d during training. Pre-training period and training period after the determination of the various groups of athletes various immune indicators. Results: After intensive endurance training, the number of lymphocytes in bovine colostrum increased significantly (P <0.001), and the ratio of CD3 + T cells and CD4 + / CD8 + remained normal before training, but both were significant (P <0.01). After training, serum globulin of bovine colostrum was significantly higher than that of exercise control (P <0.01), serum albumin and A / G ratio was significantly lower than that of control <0.05). There was no significant difference in neutrophil, macrophage, IgA and IgG between bovine colostrum and exercise group after intensive endurance training. CONCLUSION: Supplementing colostrum with endurance training can effectively prevent the decrease of CD4 + / CD8 + ratio, decrease of lymphocyte number and decrease of serum globulin after intensive endurance training. It suggests that colostrum has a good function of maintaining the self-homeostasis of immune function and helps to prevent the decline of immune function of athletes after long-term intensive endurance training.