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目的:探讨妇科门诊就诊的患者人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染的年龄分布和HPV-DNA分型检测在宫颈癌防治方面的意义。方法:采用核酸分子快速杂交分型技术对妇科门诊5 104例妇女进行宫颈HPV 21种亚型感染筛查和感染人群的年龄分布。结果:5 104例患者中,HPV感染者1 490例,感染率为29.19%,单一感染1 145例,占HPV感染者76.85%;多重感染345例,占23.15%,以双重感染为主,占多重感染的77.10%。HPV感染高峰年龄在30～40岁(占11.40%),50～60岁年龄段下降至2.00%,各年龄段HPV感染检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:DNA杂交技术检测HPV基因分型,可1次检测多种亚型,有利于对HPV多重感染的诊断和宫颈癌的防治;30～40岁为HPV感染的高峰年龄,持续感染或年龄>50岁的妇女HPV阳性者需引起高度重视。
Objective: To investigate the age distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in gynecological clinic and the significance of HPV-DNA typing in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Methods: Rapid screening of nucleic acid molecules was used to screen 21 age-matched HPV subtypes in 5 104 outpatients in gynecology clinic. Results: Of the 5 104 patients, 1 490 were infected with HPV, the infection rate was 29.19%, single infection was 1 145 cases, accounting for 76.85% of HPV infected persons; multiple infection was 345 cases (23.15%), mainly by double infection, accounting for 77.10% of multiple infections. The peak age of HPV infection ranged from 30 to 40 years old (11.40%) and from 50 to 60 years old to 2.00%. There was a significant difference in HPV infection among all age groups (P <0.01). Conclusion: DNA hybridization to detect HPV genotypes can detect a variety of subtypes, which is beneficial to the diagnosis of multiple HPV infection and cervical cancer prevention and treatment. The age of 30 to 40 is the peak age of HPV infection, persistent infection or age> 50-year-old woman with HPV-positive need to attach great importance.