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减重代谢外科在半个多世纪的发展中形成了多种经典手术方式。其中，腹腔镜胃袖状切除术（laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy，LSG）和Roux-en-Y胃旁路术（laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass，LRYGB）以其良好的疗效和较低的术后并发症，经受住了时间的考验，依然作为减重代谢领域的首选术式。同时，新的减重手术方式不断出现，减重代谢外科医师需在充分掌握手术原理、安全性及临床疗效的前提下稳步开展新手术方式的多中心、大样本量临床研究，最终造福患者。“,”In the development of more than half a century, many classical operation methods have been formed in the bariatric and metabolic surgery. Among them, LSG and LRYGB have withstood the tests of time with good efficacy and low postoperative complications, and are still the first choice in the field of bariatric and metabolic surgery. At the same time, new methods of bariatric surgery continue to appear. Bariatric and metabolic surgeons should steadily carry out multicenter and large-scale clinical researches of new surgical methods on the premise of fully mastering the operation principle, safety and clinical efficacy, and ultimately benefit patients.