我国《民法通则》规定以过错责任为原则,以无过错责任为例外。《民法通则》第109条对有无过错是否承担民事责任在法律上作了明文规定,但是,如何掌握承担有无过错之民事责任的理论与实践则是一个复杂的问题。本文特结合审判实践,试对这个问题谈点认识。建国以来,无论是法院审判、行政处理还是民间调解的民事案件,大都是 China's “General Principles of Civil Law” stipulates that fault liability is the principle and faultless liability is the exception. Article 109 of the “General Principles of Civil Law” explicitly stipulates legally whether there is any fault in civil liability or not. However, it is a complex issue how to grasp the theory and practice of assuming civil liability with or without fault. This article combined with trial practice, try to talk about this issue point of understanding. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, most of the civil cases, whether they are court trials, administrative handling or civil mediation