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美苏20世纪70年代的粮食贸易因其独特形式,成为透视这一时期美苏关系的一个窗口。本文系统回顾了美苏之间在70年代进行的粮食贸易,介绍美苏之间进行粮食贸易的背景、70年代的两次购粮高潮以及1975年之后美苏间粮食贸易的走向。同时使用双层博弈模型,分析了国内层次、国际层次利益集团之间的博弈,最终总结出美苏之间在70年代的粮食贸易,是建立在双方实力的对比之上的,是当时国内博弈和国际博弈综合作用的结果。不管是国际还是国内层次发生变化,最终都会导致粮食贸易的走向发生变化。
Because of its unique form, the grain trade between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1970s became a window to see the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union during this period. This article systematically reviews the food trade between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1970s, introduces the background of grain trade between the United States and the Soviet Union, the two purchase cereals in the 1970s and the trend of food trade between the United States and the Soviet Union after 1975. At the same time, using the two-level game model, this paper analyzes the game between interest groups at the domestic and international levels and finally concludes that the grain trade between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1970s is based on the comparison of the strength of the two countries. At that time, And the result of the international game. Changes in the international and domestic levels will eventually lead to changes in the direction of the food trade.