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目的探讨中性粒细胞性哮喘患者的临床特征。方法选取2013年1月至2014年12月辽宁省本溪市中心医院收治的中性粒细胞性哮喘患者42例,回顾性分析其临床资料,测定患者的肺通气功能以及支气管可逆性情况,并诱导痰细胞进行分类以及计数。结果女性所占比例明显高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);哮喘类型:重症患者10例(23.8%),急性加重24例(57.1%);BMI 17.5~32.1 kg/m2,平均(23.9±2.0)kg/m2,其中<18.5 kg/m2 2例(4.8%),18.5~25.0 kg/m2 16例(38.1%),25.0~30 kg/m2 21例(50.0%),≥30 kg/m2 3例(7.1%);所有患者吸入支气管舒张剂后,第一秒钟用力呼气容积(FEV1)/用力肺活量(FVC)均<70%,可逆程度(11.7±1.2)%;中性粒细胞比例明显高于其余细胞,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中性粒细胞性哮喘多见于女性、重症以及急性加重患者,发病年龄多大于12岁,但临床表现缺乏特异性,发生机制复杂多样。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of patients with neutrophilic asthma. Methods Forty-two patients with neutrophilic asthma admitted to Central Hospital of Benxi from January 2013 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed, their lung ventilation and bronchial reversibility were measured and induced Sputum cells are classified and counted. Results The proportion of females was significantly higher than that of males (P <0.05). The type of asthma was 10 (23.8%) in severe cases, 24 (57.1%) were acute exacerbations, 17.5 ~ 32.1 kg / (23.9 ± 2.0) kg / m2, including 18 cases (4.8%) of 18.5 kg / m2, 16 cases (38.1%) of 18.5-25.0 kg / m2 and 21 cases (50.0%) of 25.0-30 kg / (FEV1) / FVC was <70% and the reversibility was (11.7 ± 1.2)% in all patients after bronchodilator inhalation. The proportion of neutrophils was significantly higher than the other cells, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The most common types of asthma are in women, severe cases and acute exacerbations. The age of onset is more than 12 years old. However, the clinical manifestations are not specific and their mechanisms are complicated and diverse.