瘦素(leptin)作为肥胖基因编码的蛋白产物,主要通过大脑调节体质量和能量平衡,并参与代谢、造血和生殖等功能。瘦素及其受体在下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴系统中有多处表达,这可能是瘦素参与多种妇产科疾病的基础。研究发现瘦素对多囊卵巢综合征、子宫内膜异位症、妊娠高血压综合征和妊娠期糖尿病等妇产科疾病的发生、发展有一定作用。综述瘦素的研究概况以及在上述疾病中的异常表现和作用。 Leptin, a protein product encoded by obese genes, regulates body mass and energy balance primarily through the brain and participates in functions such as metabolism, hematopoiesis and reproduction. The expression of leptin and its receptors in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis system is multifactorial and may be the basis of leptin involvement in a variety of obstetric and gynecological diseases. The study found that leptin on polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, pregnancy-induced hypertension and gestational diabetes and other gynecological diseases, the occurrence and development of a certain role. The research overview of leptin and the abnormal expression and function in the above diseases are reviewed.