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采用一种改进的两级掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)结构,构建了一套基于相干后向瑞利散射的分布式光纤传感入侵检测系统。首先通过OptiSystem软件从理论上仿真并得到了最佳的两段掺铒光纤(EDF)长度,然后依据相干后向瑞利散射信号的特点,提出了一种对信号进行分段处理的改进方法,解决了解调信号功率不均匀问题。针对光纤中散射体的随机性,建立了后向瑞利散射离散模型,采用蒙特卡罗方法对后向瑞利散射信号进行了数值模拟。实验表明,系统的定位精度达到15m,定位范围约为35km。本文系统有望广泛应用在输油管道、机场、监狱等重要场所的安全防范。
An improved two-stage erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) architecture is used to construct a distributed optical fiber sensing intrusion detection system based on coherent and backward Rayleigh scattering. Firstly, OptiSystem software is used to simulate and obtain the best EDF length of two sections. Based on the characteristics of coherent Rayleigh scattering signals, an improved method of segmenting signals is proposed. Solve the problem of uneven signal power demodulation. Aiming at the randomness of scatterers in fiber, a backward Rayleigh scattering discrete model was established and the Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the backward Rayleigh scattering signals. Experiments show that the system’s positioning accuracy of 15m, positioning range of about 35km. This system is expected to be widely used in oil pipelines, airports, prisons and other important places of security.