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用14份玉米自交系采用7×7不完全双列杂交设计组配的49个F1组合为供试材料,研究了玉米籽粒几个物理性状的遗传规律和配合力效应。结果表明,粒宽和容重主要受加性基因效应影响;千粒重和比重加性效应及非加性效应同等重要;粒长主要受非加性效应影响。同一物理性状在不同自交系间其GCA效应有较大差异,其中自交系5003的粒长GCA效应最高,533粒宽和比重GCA效应均为最高,千粒重和容重GCA效应最高者分别为425和48-2。
49 F1 combinations of 14 maize inbred lines with 7 × 7 incomplete diallel crosses were used to study the genetic law and combining ability of several physical traits of maize grains. The results showed that grain width and bulk density were mainly affected by additive gene effect. The effects of 1000-grain weight and specific gravity on additive effect and non-additive effect were equally important. Grain length was mainly affected by non-additive effect. The GCA effect of the same physical traits in different inbred lines are quite different. The inbred line 5003 has the highest grain length GCA effect, the highest 533 grain width and the highest specific gravity GCA effect, the highest GCA effect of the 1000-grain weight and bulk density is 425 And 48-2.