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目的 调查分析住院患者的医院感染情况。方法 对 2 0 0 0年期间住院病房收治的12 418例患者进行回顾性调查。结果 发生医院感染者 378例 ,医院感染发病率为 3.0 4%。不同性别、年龄医院感染发病率差异有显著性 ,男性高于女性 ,随着年龄的增长 ,医院感染的发病率增高 ;医院感染部位主要为下呼吸道 (35 .99% )、上呼吸道 (2 2 .95 % )、泌尿道 (17.6 3% )和胃肠道 (10 .39% ) ,其中主要为白色念珠菌 (15 .78% )、铜绿假单胞菌 (13.15 % )、肠球菌 (11.84% ) ,医院感染致病菌为革兰氏阴性杆菌占 46 .0 3% ,革兰氏阳性球菌占 2 3.6 8% ,真菌占 15 .78%。医院感染致死率为 14.2 9%。结论 医院感染与性别、年龄、住院科室和侵袭性操作等密切相关 ,应加强医院感染的防治
Objective To investigate the hospital infection of hospitalized patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 12 418 patients admitted to hospital wards during 2000. Results 378 cases of hospital infection occurred, the incidence of nosocomial infection was 3.0 4%. The incidence of nosocomial infections in different genders and ages was significantly different among males than females. The incidence of nosocomial infections increased with age. The main nosocomial infections were lower respiratory tract (35.9%), upper respiratory tract (95%), urinary tract (17.6%) and gastrointestinal tract (10.39%), mainly Candida albicans (15.78%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.15%), Enterococcus %). The nosocomial pathogenic bacteria were Gram-negative bacilli (46.0%), Gram-positive cocci (23.68%) and fungi (15.78%). Infection rate of hospital infection was 14.29%. Conclusions Hospital infection is closely related to gender, age, hospitalization department and invasive operation, and prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection should be strengthened