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目的了解三水区2011年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生的情况,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况和疫苗的安全性。方法通过疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统收集报告的AEFI监测数据,采用描述流行病学方法对监测资料进行分析。结果 2011年共报告疑似预防接种异常反应55例,其中一般反应30例,占54.54%;异常反应21例,占38.18%;偶合症4例,占7.27%。以2岁年龄组发生居多,占85.45%。男女之比为1.39∶1。70.91%的疑似异常反应发生在接种后24h内。AEFI涉及13种疫苗,其中以无细胞百白破疫苗发生AEFI占总例数的比例最高,为25.45%;其次是甲肝减毒活疫苗,为18.18%。全区7个预防接种单位均有报告,报告单位覆盖率、报告及时率、及时调查率均为100%。结论三水区AEFI监测系统运转良好,但仍需不断提高监测的敏感性。AEFI发生以一般反应为主,异常反应率偏高可能与接种某一种疫苗有一定的关联。
Objective To understand the occurrence of suspected AEFI in Sanshui District in 2011 and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system and vaccine safety. Methods The reported AEFI monitoring data were collected through the information system of suspected antivirus reaction and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the monitoring data. Results A total of 55 cases of suspected immunization were reported in 2011, of which 30 cases were general reactions (54.54%), 21 cases were abnormal reactions (38.18%) and 4 cases were coupled (7.27%). Occurred in the majority of 2-year-old age group, accounting for 85.45%. The ratio of men to women was 1.39: 1.70.91% of suspected abnormal reactions occurred within 24 hours after inoculation. AEFI involves 13 kinds of vaccines, of which the AEFI cell-free diphtheria vaccine accounted for the highest proportion of the total number of cases, 25.45%; followed by attenuated live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine was 18.18%. The seven vaccination units in the region have reported that coverage rate of the reporting units, reporting rate in time, the timely investigation rate was 100%. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Sanshui District is working well, but the monitoring sensitivity still needs to be continuously improved. AEFI occur mainly in general reaction, the abnormal reaction rate may be associated with a certain vaccination has some relevance.