NiFe2O4 nanorods have been successfully synthesized via thermal treatment of the rod-like precursor fabricated by Ni-doped α-FeOOH,which was enwrapped by the complex of citric acid and Ni2+.The morphology evolution during the calcination of the precursor nanorods was investigated with transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and the phase and the magnetic properties of samples were analyzed through X-ray diffraction(XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).The results indicated that the diameter of the NiFe2O4 nanorods obtained ranged between 30 and 50 nm,and the length ranged between 2 and 3 μm.As the calcination temperature was up to 600℃,the coercivity,saturation magnetization,and remanent magnetization of the samples were 36.1 kA·m-1,27.2 A·m2·kg-1,and 5.3 A·m2·kg-1,respectively.The NiFe2O4 nanorods prepared have higher shape anisotropy and superior magnetic properties than those with irregular shapes. NiFe2O4 nanorods have been synthesized synthesized via thermal treatment of the rod-like precursor fabricated by Ni-doped α-FeOOH, which was enwrapped by the complex of citric acid and Ni2 +. The morphology evolution during the calcination of the precursor nanorods was investigated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the phase and the magnetic properties of samples were analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results indicated that the diameter of the NiFe2O4 nanorods obtained ranged between 30 and 50 nm , and the length ranged between 2 and 3 μm. As the calcination temperature was up to 600 ° C., the coercivity, saturation magnetization, and remanent magnetization of the samples were 36.1 kA · m -1,27.2 A · m 2 · kg -1, and 5.3 A · m2 · kg-1, respectively.The NiFe2O4 nanorods prepared have higher shape anisotropy and superior magnetic properties than those with irregular shapes.